Hypoxia-mediated Selection of Cells with Diminished Apoptotic Potential

Cancer Necrosis vs. ApoptosisCancer is the second leading cause of death in clements. A cancer kiosk is a cell that has mutated from its original form and exit often grow at a more rapid topical anaestheticize than normal. The body has built certain mechanisms to protect itself from these types of cells. One of the physiological processes the body uses to kill off these cells is apoptosis. Apoptosis is sometimes called cell suicide. When the body detects that a cells DNA has mutated and cannot be repaired, the cell will somehow trigger itself to self destruct. Up until 1972, scientists hadnt really looked carefully at how cells die. Once they did, it was apparent that two things could advance necrosis or apoptosis. Necrosis was the term used to describe all cells that had died. However scientists have found that necrosis and apoptosis are two opposite processes. Necrosis is a result of outside forces acting upon a cell, causing its destruction. Upon destruction of the cell in this manner, the internal contents of the cell are leaked into the local environment, which can be extremely harmful. In contrast, a cell dying by apoptosis does not release its contents and potentially harm close cells. Apoptosis is actually an active process within the cell. A process triggers some other process (which is not quite clear) inside the cell and tells the cell to start disassembling itself. When this happens, instead of releasing harmful chemicals into its environment, the cell is thought to send parts of itself to other surrounding cells to digest it.Roles of p53 and bcl-2 in ApoptosisThe authors above and other scientists believe that the expression of the p53 gene is required for apoptosis. The p53 gene has been labeled as the tumour su... ... increases as oxygen is reduced, those cells with mutated p53 have a slower increase in death rate in hypoxic regions, compared to those cells that have normal p53 expression. This seems to point to the fact that the hypoxi c regions are actually setting up a natural selection for the p53 substandard cells, and possibly other mutations resistant to death.Treatment ProblemsThis can cause a problem when treating these cells with radiation and chemotherapy. These treatments attack the cells and attempt to destroy the DNA within the cell. This will usually cause an increase in the rate of apoptosis within the area treated. However if the cells in the area have built up a resistance to apoptosis they have built up an effective resistance to the chemotherapy and radiation. These facts could explain why the p53 gene is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer.

Abortion :: essays research papers

Abortion is one of the most controversial issues around, and is an issue that will never be play offd upon. By bringing morals into the question of whether it should be legal to have abortions, this issue has been elevated to a higher level. By some people, it is no longer looked at as a question of choice but as a question of morality, and these concepts have led to a full-blown get by over something that really should not be questioned. Every woman in America has the right to decide what to do with their bodies. No government or crowd of people should feel that they have the right to dictate to a person what path their lives should take. People who say that they atomic number 18 "pro-life" are in return no more than "anti-choice". These pro-lifers want to put the life and future of a woman into the hands of the government.At the time, which the fetus is aborted, it is not a being with personality. Anyone would agree to the fact that it is alive and human, how ever, it is also true that it is no more a person than a tree would be. Though the fetus may be a large grouping of human cells, with the potential to become more than that, at the state of development which the fetus has reached at the time of abortion, it is not a person and therefore should not be looked at as such. W     hen does the fetus become a person? Though the legal moment at which the fetus is looked at for the first time as a human being is deemed to be at the instant that it is born, the difference between an eight- week previous(p) infant and a 24-week-old fetus is virtually nonexistent. So should the fetus be regarded as a person, or should the premature baby still be regarded as a fetus? Thus arises the statement by the pro-life side of the argument that should not the fact that we are unable to pinpoint with absolute conclusion the precise moment when a fetus suddenly develops a personality means that we ought to do away with the process until such a time that we are able to ascertain that persons are not being murdered. This argument will go on for quite some time, and is but one in a list of reasons why the pro-life supporters take the standpoint that they do.

Essay --

As a break-dance of my endeavor to pursue higher studies I humbly submit the Statement of Purpose. This statement would succinctly restate my ambitions and credibility as a undimmed hot student in your institution.First of all, I would like to introduce myself as Mr. Satyanarayana Shiva Mantravadi, an undergraduate B. technical school Engineer with Electronics and Communication engine room specialization from K integrityru Lakshmiah University, whiz of the very distinguished and esteemed universities in our country.Right from my school, I was always fascinated by Mathematics, acquisition and Research in general. And then again in high school, it was this propensity which led me to take up Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as my major subjects. This estrus eventually made me to opt for Electronics and Communication Engineering as my field of expertise. I would like to present my past performance as the bona fides for my success in my future endeavors. My innate strength has a lways been my three-figure and analytical abilities, which instilled me with a penchant for Mathematics and Physics. I opted for the same in my 12th grade and secured a s warmness of around 96% in core subjects. I was placed in the top 3% of five hundred thousand aspirants who took entrance interrogative sentence for IITs. This performance helped me in getting admission into Koneru Lakshamiah University, Vijayawada, India. During the style of my preparation for this exam, I had realized that my interests lay in the broad principles of science and its basic fundamentals and I ascertained Electronics and Communication Engineering to be the expert subject, catering my taste. It was the time when technology had slowly begun to repose the lives of the people. Electronics and Communication Engi... ...of academic excellence accompanied by proficient Faculty and research facilities. Moreover, your institution existence the confluence of people from every race, religion and nationality provides the right kind of expo surely needed for upbringing of ones natural skill. I especially thank you for giving me the opportunity to express about myself. Hailing from an educated family, I am confident that I have got the required perseverance and commitment and am sure that Ill cope with your expectations. It would be a great honor to my family and my country if I could attain infrequent achievements in my field.I assure you that I would commemorate up my diligence and good demeanor during the course. I hope you find my purpose definitive and I fit in to your image of a promising research student. I look forward to prove myself.( Satyanarayana Shiva Mantravadi) Essay -- As a part of my endeavor to pursue higher studies I humbly submit the Statement of Purpose. This statement would succinctly recapitulate my ambitions and credibility as a promising zealous student in your institution.First of all, I would like to introduce myself as Mr. Satyanarayana S hiva Mantravadi, an undergraduate B. tech Engineer with Electronics and Communication Engineering specialization from Koneru Lakshmiah University, one of the very distinguished and esteemed universities in our country.Right from my school, I was always fascinated by Mathematics, Science and Research in general. And then again in high school, it was this propensity which led me to take up Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as my major subjects. This passion eventually made me to opt for Electronics and Communication Engineering as my field of expertise. I would like to present my past performance as the bona fides for my success in my future endeavors. My innate strength has always been my quantitative and analytical abilities, which instilled me with a penchant for Mathematics and Physics. I opted for the same in my 12th grade and secured a score of around 96% in core subjects. I was placed in the top 3% of five hundred thousand aspirants who took entrance examination for IITs. This performance helped me in getting admission into Koneru Lakshamiah University, Vijayawada, India. During the course of my preparation for this exam, I had realized that my interests lay in the broad principles of science and its basic fundamentals and I ascertained Electronics and Communication Engineering to be the apt subject, catering my taste. It was the time when technology had slowly begun to repose the lives of the people. Electronics and Communication Engi... ...of academic excellence accompanied by proficient Faculty and research facilities. Moreover, your institution being the confluence of people from every race, religion and nationality provides the right kind of exposure needed for upbringing of ones natural skill. I especially thank you for giving me the opportunity to express about myself. Hailing from an educated family, I am confident that I possess the required perseverance and commitment and am sure that Ill cope with your expectations. It would be a great honor to my family and my country if I could attain remarkable achievements in my field.I assure you that I would keep up my diligence and good demeanor during the course. I hope you find my purpose definitive and I fit in to your image of a promising research student. I look forward to prove myself.( Satyanarayana Shiva Mantravadi)

normalization :: essays research papers

Normalization of the Lowes Inventory In carcassation System DatabaseAs a database grows in size and complexity it is essential that order and organization be maintained to control these complexities and minimize errors and redundancy in the associated data. This goal is managed by a process referred to as normalization.Normalization stomachs us to design our relational database tables so that they "(1) contain all the data necessary for the purposes that the database is to serve, (2) have as little redundancy as possible, (3) accommodate multiple values for types of data that require them, (4) permit efficient updates of the data in the database, and (5) avoid the danger of losing data unknowingly (Wyllys, R. E., 2002).". As a prelude to normalization, the database modeler researches the company and current database uses to determine the requirements for the peeled database. Table elements and relationships are determined, and quite a littledidate keys reviewed and establ ished for the tables. The process of database normalization then begins.Databases can attain varying degrees of normalization classified as 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, 4NF, 5NF, and BCNF, however for practicality and in staying with the layout of our Lowes inventory database, only the initiatory through third normal forms or 1NF 3NF will be addressed. First, a balance must be struck mingled with data accessibility with regard to performance and maintenance and the concerns of data redundancy. To accomplish this and normalize the Lowes database, the supply and retail sides of the database were combined and the tables set in first normal form. In first normal form, the tables were formatted to ensure that the data within them was atomic i.e., ensuring that it was in its simplest form and had no repeating groups. A concatenated PK characterizes tables in 1NF and these tables can have partial and transitive dependencies. Decomposition from this point helps to eliminate redundancy as the modeler w orks toward a defined goal based on business rules and individual needs. The tables were next moved to second normal form, again undergoing a review where efforts were taken to reduce the amount of redundant data by extracting and placing it in new table(s). Here, each key component is written on a separate line, with the original key written on the last line. on the whole dependant attributes then follow their perspective keys. This process is used to eliminate partial dependencies which are not allowed in 2NF. Finally, the tables were set into third normal form by ensuring that no non-identifying attributes were dependent on any other non-identifying attributes.

Robert Frost Essay -- essays research papers

He thought he kept the universe alone, to most people the thoughts of being alone are very frightening. It is man nature to search for companionship. In the poem The Most of It, Robert Frost uses a wealth of strong imagery to tell a story of a soul who has lost his loved one to death and has to suffer the feeling of loneliness and emptiness created by it. Frost uses the setting of a lake surrounded by a forest to convey a feeling of peace and of being alone to the reader. A man is sitting on the edge of the lake, crying out for soulfulness, his sound reflection being his only company. After time, a buck swam across the lake and appeared on the shore and abruptly runs into the brush, away from sight. Although the man only caught a glimpse of the cervid for a short moment, it was long enough for him to feel that he was no longer alone, but had something there, even though it was not tangible. The clues given to the reader that someone has passed on are the words wake and three lin es down, the word morning. A wake can be many things one is that it is a vigil that is held in honor of a person who has recently died. Morning can be taken as mourning and be seen as Frost grieving for a loved one. One also develops the impression that Frost is mourning a great loss, such as a sould mate, because of the line, He would cry out on life, that what it wants/ is not its own love back in copy speech/but counter-love. That quote shows the reader that the man was alone, so alone, that he c...

Robert Frost Essay -- essays research papers

He thought he kept the universe alone, to most people the thoughts of being alone atomic number 18 very frightening. It is human nature to attend for companionship. In the poem The Most of It, Robert Frost uses a wealth of strong imagery to tell a story of a person who has lost his love one to death and has to suffer the feeling of loneliness and emptiness created by it. Frost uses the setting of a lake surrounded by a forest to evince a feeling of peace and of being alone to the reader. A man is sitting on the edge of the lake, crying out for someone, his echo being his totally company. After time, a buck swam across the lake and appeared on the shore and abruptly runs into the brush, away from sight. Although the man only caught a glimpse of the deer for a piffling moment, it was long enough for him to feel that he was no longer alone, but had something there, even though it was not tangible. The clues given to the reader that someone has passed on are the words wake and thre e lines d give birth, the word morning. A wake can be many things one is that it is a vigil that is held in honor of a person who has recently died. Morning can be taken as mourning and be seen as Frost grieving for a loved one. iodin also develops the impression that Frost is mourning a great loss, such as a sould mate, because of the line, He would cry out on life, that what it wants/ is not its own love back in copy speech/but counter-love. That quote shows the reader that the man was alone, so alone, that he c...

Computer Game Violence

information processing system Games and violence is a topic that is very controversial in America. Like all other topics everything has its pros and cons. One of the most common reprovals of calculator games is that they increase ruffianly tendencies among the youth players. Pargonnts are very concerned with their children vie tough computing machine games because they feel it influences their actions. Playing violent computer games can increase a persons aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavior according to studies.For example, on April 20, 1999, 18-year-old Eric Harris and 17-year-old Dylan Klebold killed 12 students and a instructor in the Columbine High enlighten Massacre. The two were allegedly obsessed) with the video game Doom). Violent computer games are said to be more abusive than violent television and movies because they are interactive and require the player to identify with the aggressor (Cochran). There has been several studies by groups such as The Harva rd Medical School Center for Mental Health, The Journal of Adolescent Health, and The British Medical Journal have shown no link amid Computer Game usage and violent activities.One study did find an increase in reports of bullying. Research found that certain patterns of Computer Game play were much more likely to be associated with bullying than with major violent crimes such as school shootings (Griffiths). Computer Game environments are often based on plots of violence, aggression, and gender bias. A very good example of a computer game that contains all three of these things is the game Grand Theft Auto Vice City. The game came under criticism of implying allegedly racist hate crimes.The game takes place in Vice City a fictional Miami in 1986, which involves a gang war between the Haitians and Cubans (Bensely). Many computer games only offer an arena of weapons, violent deaths, kicking, stabbing, and shootings that kids become so addicted to. Games like this can sometimes conf use reality and fantasy and whitethorn influence someone in doing something because they seen it done in a computer game. They have been seen as negatively affecting the players in terms of lack of societal skills, inefficiency, obesity and laziness. After all, all violent computer games have a few things in common.They all involve a constant hurting and killing of others. There is no punishment for the killings in the game so kids dont see why it would be wrong doing it in reality. Instead of creation punished players are actually rewarded with different achievements in the game (Olson 56-59). Although there are many disadvantages, playing computer games have advantages too. Even though computer games have always been infamous for their anti-social aspect and the violence that is shown in them, for example, it may enhance a childs motor coordination.It also allows the ability for kids to think quickly and die certain situations. These games are actually used in military training to help soldiers become used to the process of harming others (Griffiths). Computer games also introduce children to computer technology. It can give them practice in following directions as well as problem solving and logic. We always look for the negative views first in everything we do and miss on the positive effects of computer games. The negativities brought in by computer games are due to no restrictions in which the player plays.Computer games are popular among children and the youngsters of America. If parents dont limit the time for which a child is allowed to play a computer game or no lapse is ever present, the way in which the game is being played will have the not-so-positive effects of computer games show up. Children with an inferiority complex, lack of self-confidence are seen to be gaining help from playing computer games. Computer games have also been included in the therapy for children with such psychological problems. By playing computer games, a child gets a sense of participation and a sense of achievement.In the long run it will eventually build his or her self-confidence. Children, after playing computer games, begin to feel excited about their lives and start feeling positive and enthusiastic. This enables them to defeat their psychological disorders to a certain extent (Olson). In cobblers last I feel as if the positive effects outweigh the negative effects overall. Computer games are meant for a form of entertainment and if not controlled by a parent or guardian thats on them. They should have the parental skills of knowing what their children are able to do and see depending on their age.

Liberal Bias in Media

Liberal twist in media is the result of selective coverage of newsworthiness influenced by liberal principles and ideas. Media bias is a coined term to reflect practices that argon considered violations of the standards of journalism.However in the United States, liberal bias in media is often an issue in debates. Selective media reporting often raises an issue to media credibility and functionality. However, in that respect are media watchdogs that serve as checks and balance to avoid occurrences of media bias. These conservative organizations exist to publicize media bias issues, and at the same time control the occurrences of such (Accuracy in Media).In the US media for instance, over the past years, there have occurrences of media biases. This goes in two distinct points first, it is the case that US media fails to criticize certain points of their aggressions or that, their journalistic expressions turn too harsh on the US forces. For example, American media in the past years had been too keen on criticizing US transgressions that they tend to leave off good and noble deeds exemplified by the US forces in Iraq and Afghanistan. In this kind of media coverage, US media has failed to offer support to their forces (http//www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,59-2210973.html).Another case of media bias in this case would be the overly critical media coverage in the US warfare. Whereas, in most cases, US forces were placed under minimal US public and even world scrutiny. This was done in such a way that the actions of US forces towards their opponents in Iraq and Afghanistan were less publicized, in order to defecate an invocation of fair play for their forces.Another case of media bias in US is extended in its election effect. The media coverage during the election period has failed to capture the unfeigned essence of the US democratic process. Instead of focusing on the policies and platforms of political parties as a group, the media coverage was centered o n the candidates. Hence, the media coverage has been obviously manipulated to create good impressions on the candidates rather than being catered to properly inform the public regarding their credentials, suggested policy transformations, and plans that shall emancipate the nation in general Hudson, 2004, 195-196).On the other hand, media is alike used as a source of entertainment, more than for information or to use their term, for infotainment. In this way, media is being used by private media for profit-driven goals. In this market, the market mechanism becomes the sole controller of media practitioners rather than public information. Through this change, the quality of information being disseminated suffers from the profit-driven goals which often result to inadequate quality of the news being produced.In this light, is a call for the eradication of media biases. The media, should serve only for the purpose of informing the public, hence, anything that shall tarnish this image shall not be allowed. Media is indeed a powerful sector, a very influential weapon that can make or break someones reputation. Thus, this sector must be apply properly and conscientiously for the benefit of the majority.Accuracy In Media official website. Retrieved November 5, 2007Hudson. (2004) American Democracy in Peril Eight Challenges to Americas Future. Washington, D.C., CQ Press. pp 195-1966http//www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,59-2210973.html. Retrieved November

Burlesque

To what extent did burlesque impact the development of the 20th American melodyals? Burlesque shows had a big influence on the development of 20th century musicals in many ways. One of the ways it did this was changing the role that adult female had within musicals. This is a result of the womans rights movement In America. It is backed up in a Robert G Allen quote where he says burlesques principal legacy as a cultural form was its establishment of patterns of sex representation that forever changed the role of the woman on the American stage.Previous of burlesque shows, It was less acceptable for woman to show oft of their skin/boodles, they were oft seen as Innocent and delicate so wore long dresses to cover themselves. However burlesque brought light on to the sexiness of woman without It universe too terrible they did this by putting the woman In less clothing or more(prenominal) see through clothing such as tights, as a way of teasing the audience.Burlesque also helped women to gain more control In other ways as most of the burlesque troupes were managed by males therefore they would be making the decisions, however In the sass males began to take control and wanted burlesque dancers to show as much skin as possible without very striping. Woman taking control is demonstrated in the late sasss when Lydia Thompson burlesque troupe became one of New Works biggest theatrical sensations. Their first hit was named Zion in 1868 where they include travesty woman playing mens roles in tights.Due to such high demands for tickets to this show it then moved to Broadway. Thompson didnt hire any composers for the how she simply used songs that were pertinent and popular at the time, which was a big influence to American musicals as it happened frequently in 20th century musicals. It is also arguable that burlesque wedge the development of the 20th century American musicals as it wasnt Just a dance routine showing off womens bodies, it also concern elements of comedy and music which is a big element of book musicals in 20th century America.Burlesque infuses these elements by using things such as travesty and they also use their shows to sneer the upper class as their main audiences were lower and middle class. The comedy within the shows also helped society to become more acceptable with the fact that the woman had less clothes on as accustomed which was frequent in many American musicals in the 20th century. It Is also said that burlesque had a big influence on creating book musicals as they also combined the 3 elements of dance, music and drama. One of the first book musicals being the black crook, involved burlesque style dances. Burlesque By Chloe had within musicals.This is a result of the womans rights movement in America. It is t was less acceptable for woman to show much of their skin/bodies, they were often seen as innocent and delicate so wore long dresses to cover themselves. However burlesque brought light on to the sexin ess of woman without it being too distasteful they did this by putting the woman in less clothing or more see through clothing gain more control in other ways as most of the burlesque troupes were managed by females therefore they would be making the decisions, however in the sasss males as usual which was frequent in many American musicals in the 20th century. It is

Analysis of Southern Gothic Literature Essay

southerly Gothic lit, which is a sub-genre of the Gothic composing style, is unique to the American South. Southern Gothic literature has many another(prenominal) of the same aspects as Gothic literature it focuses on topics such as death, madness, and the super natural as well has having many mystical, bizarre, violent, and grotesque aspects. These tools argon used to explore social issues and reveal the cultural character of the American South (Wikipedia). The beginnings of Southern Gothic writing use damaged characters to enhance their stories, and to memorialise deeper advancedlights of unpleasant southern characteristics.These characters are usually set apart from their societies due to their workforcetal, physical, and or social disabilities. However non all the aspects of the characters are bad it is more(prenominal) often the case that a mixture of well-grounded and bad is lease up in most of the characters (McFLY) The authors of these stories do give the mown(pre nominal) character some good qualities this is so the reviewer will fill sympathy and understanding for the character. Two authors who exhibit the Southern Gothic writing style are William Faulkner, who wrote A bloom for Emily, and Flannery OConner, the author of unspoiled Coun interpret People and A Good Man is Hard to Find.William Faulkners A locomote for Emily is an example of Southern Gothic literature. It contains many aspects of Southern Gothic writing, such as an old dark mansion, death, mystery, bizarre events, and the crazy Miss. Emily. The story takes place in a broken townsfolk in Jeffer give-and-take Mississippi. The fabricator tells us the story of Miss. Emily Grierson, from the towns point of view. ? A Rose for Emily is the remarkable story of Emily Grierson, an aging spinster in Jefferson, whose death and funeral drew the attention of the entire town (Faulkner n. p. ). The first sign that this story is going to be Southern Gothic is when Faulkner describes her funeral. According to the narrator, when Miss. Emily died, e very(prenominal) wiz attended her funeral the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her phratry (Perrines 281). The narrator then goes on to tell the story of Miss. Emily. Miss. Emily lived in a erstwhile beautiful, white, seventies style home, but as the geezerhood went by her home became an eyesore among eyesores (Perrines 281).This may be a reflection of how the town saw Miss. Emily herself, once beautiful and now an eyesore to the entire community. after(prenominal) Miss. Emilys give had died, Colonel Sartoris told her that she would not deliver to pay taxes on her house, due to the fact that her father had loaned money to the town, which the town, . . . , preferred this musical mode of repaying (Perrines 282). So for many years, Miss. Emily went on with out paying taxes. When the following generation came into office, a tax n otification was sent to Miss. Emily, who sent it back to them with no other comments.The Board of Aldermen was sent to her house they knocked at the door through which no visitor had passed (Perrines 282) through for eight to ten years. When they were let in, by the old Negro, they house smelled of dust and disuse (Perrines 282). When Miss. Emily entered the palely light living room she looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water (Perrines 282-283). The spokesman asked why Miss. Emily had not give her taxes, to which she replied I have no taxes in Jefferson. ? See Colonel Sartoris (Perrines 283). What Miss.Emily did not know was that Colonel Sartoris had been dead for almost ten years now. On one occasion, a neighborhood woman went to the mayor to complain of a smell climax from Miss. Emilys house. The mayor thought nothing of it until two more complaints were received the side by side(p) day. last the Board of Aldermen sent four men out to her house the ne ighboring night, after midnight, and sprinkled lime all around Miss. Emilys house and outbuildings After a week or two the smell went away (Perrines 284). After that incident, the slew began to feel sorry for her.They believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were (Perrines 284). No man was good copious for her by her father and by the time she was thirty she was still unwed. After her father died, the mountain finally had a reason to fell bad for her. She was alone in the world with only her house left this left her humanized. The day after her fathers death, the women of the town went to give their condolences to Miss. Emily. To their surprise, Miss. Emily was dressed as usual and had no trace of grief on her face (Perrines 285). Emily told the women that her father was not dead. Finally after three days of trying to hold on to her father, she broke down, and they buried her father quickly (Perrines 285). The towns people jade to jus tify Miss. Emilys actions, by axiom that she had nothing left, and was clinging to the one thing that had robbed her for so long they convinced themselves that she was not crazy. The summer after her father died, the town hired contractors to pave the sidewalks. The foreman, Homer Barron, and Miss. Emily became quite fond of one another.On Sunday afternoons they could bee seen driving in his buggy together. Soon the people began to whisper near Emily and Homer. Emily held her head high she would not be seen as anything other than respectful. The towns people believed that Miss. Emily should have kinfolk come to stay with her for a while. spot Emilys two cousins were visiting her, she went and bought rat poison. When she got to the drug store, she would not tell the druggist why she wanted arsenic, but when she got home, under the skull and bones on the turning point the druggist had written For rats. Everyone believed that she was going to kill herself. But then, Miss. Emily was seen in buying a silver toilet set for men, with H. B. on each piece, and then she bought a complete mens outfit. Everyone said They are married, referring to Miss. Emily and Homer Barron. When the streets were done, Homer left. Three days after Emilys cousins had left, Homer was back in town he was seen going in to Miss. Emilys house through the Kitchen door at dusk. No one say Homer or Emily for some time. When she was next seen, she had grown fat, and her hair was turning gray.Year after year, the people watched as the Negro man grew older and older. The only sign of Miss Emily was when she was seen through one of her downstairs windows. Then one day Miss. Emily died. The women and men came to pay respects, and to see what Miss. Emily had kept hidden for so many years. After she was buried, the towns people went back to Emilys house to look at the room which had not been used in everyplace forty years. What they found would explain many things that had happened everywhere the years. After the door was forced open, and the dust settled, they looked about the room.On the dresser an outfit and tie were laid out, along with a pair of shoes. In the bed, they found Mr. Homer Barron. Finally, someone noticed that on the pillow next to Mr. Barrons, someone had been sleeping on it. A head indention was in the pillow, along with a angiotensin converting enzyme strand of Miss. Emilys gray hair. Miss. Emily killed Homer largely to placate society, although that, in her deranged mind, also secured him as her lover forever (Dilworth n. p. ). Flannery OConner is another author who writes in the Southern Gothic style. His story Good Country People takes place in south.He uses attributes such as lies, faithless ness, and deception to make his story Southern Gothic. The main character, Hulga, finds many things to be wrong with the world she lives in she also finds many things wrong with mother. Hulga is a large girl with a crippled leg. She does not believe in God, and she uses her studies as an excuse to escape the world. Mrs. Hopewell tries to convince herself that Joy, who changed her name to Hulga, is still a child, even thought Hulga is thirty- two years old. Nothing is perfect and that is life where two of Mrs.Hopewells favorite sayings (Good Country People n. p. ). Mrs. Hopewell and Mrs. Freeman, the landlord, talked about many things together. One thing that they both agreed on was there arent enough good county people (OConnor n. p. ). While Mrs. Hopewell was making dinner one night, a young man, by the name of Pointer, came to the Hopewells house to sell bibles. Hulga, who was atheist, was not to fond of the young man, but once Mrs. Hopewell found out that he was from good country people she couldnt get enough of him. She even invited him in for dinner.During dinner Pointer talked to Hulga about his family and where he was from and why he sold Bibles. After dinner, Hulga walked the young man out. The next day, Mrs. Freeman and Mrs. Hop ewell were talk about the Bible salesman. Mrs. Freeman said she had seen Hulga talking to him at the fence, and wandered what she had said to the boy. Hulga over heard all this, and tried to make a scene by getting up and stumping with about twice the noise that was necessary, into her room (OConnor n. p. ). When Hulga got to her room, she went over the conversation that she had with Pointer the day before.Hulga and Pointer had made plans to go on a picnic the next day. Hulga tried to act as if she did not really want to go, but she had other plans of her own. While she was in bed that night, she went over all the different ways that she could seduce Pointer. Hulga imagined that the two of them walked ? until they came to the storage barn ? and that she very easily seduced him (OConnor n. p. ). When she got up the next morning to met Pointer at the gate, he wasnt there, she thought she had been stood up, and then she saw him he had been behind a bush.He was there in the same di rty old clothes as yesterday, only this time he had on a hat. Hulga asked, Why did you bring your Bibles? They just keep on walking though, until they got to the barn. Once inside the barn, they climbed up into the convert loft. Once they were both in the loft, Pointer started kissing Hulga When here glasses got in the way, he took them off of her and slipped them into his pocket (OConnor n. p. ). Once Hulga re off-key his kisses he told her that he love her, to this Hulga had no reply for many minutes.After she said she did love him, he wanted her to prove it, he told Hulga to show me where your wooden leg joins in (OConnor n. p. ). Hulga couldnt do this, not at first anyways. Finally after she had taken off her wooden leg, but when she wanted it back on, Pointer refused to give it back, alternatively he placed it in his Bible suitcase. Hulga cried and pleaded for her leg to be returned, but all Pointer could say was you neednt to think youll catch me because Pointer aint reall y my name (OConnor n. p. ) Flannery OConnor also wrote A Good Man is Hard to Find. The story takes place in Georgia. In this story a nanna and her family were deciding on where to go for the family vacation. The grandmother did not want to go to Florida, which is where the rest of the family wanted to go, she wanted to go to Tennessee. To try to convince the family not to go to Florida, she told them that she told them that she had just read on article about a prisoner, The Misfit, who had escaped form the Federal Penitentiary. She also tries to convince the family to go to Tennessee by saying that the children never have been to east Tennessee (OConnor 495). The family would not listen to her, and decided to go to Florida anyways. On the way down to Florida, the family stopped at a little diner to get lunch. While they were there the owner and his wife were talking about the Misfit as well. After leaving the dinner the grandmother remembered a house that she had once been to it w as an old Southern Plantation. She nags and nags her son to just stop in and see the house she even implies that it would be good for the children by saying that it would be very educational for them. Finally after her grandchildren pleaded their father to stop, her son finally decided to take a short drive down the driveway of the house. Once they had turned down the long dirt road, which went to the plantation, the grandmother suddenly remembered that the house she had been thinking of was not even in Georgia, but in Tennessee. Rather than telling her son that she had made a mistake, she just sat back and keeps it to herself. As they were driving down the driveway, the grandmothers cat sprang form its resting spot and landed on her sons shoulder.The cable car went out of control, the children where thrown to the floor and their mother ? was thrown out of the car the old lady was thrown into the front puke (OConnor 502). The children were ecstatic about being in a wreck. While the parents and grandmother while trying to recuperate form what had just happened, a truck pulled up. The grandmother had a feeling that she knew the man who stepped out of the truck. The man said he had seen the accident happen, and told one of the boys in the truck with him to go check and see if the car would still run.Thatswhen the grandmother knew who the man was it was The Misfit. Youre the Misfit exclaimed the grandmother. Yesm ? but it it would have been better for all of you, lady, if you hadnt of reckernized me (OConnor 503). The Misfit had no other choose, he told Bobby lee to take the father and the boy and go back into the woods. The whole time, the grandmother was trying to talk The Misfit out of hurting her. She told the Misfit, I just know youre a good man (505). To this he replies, Nome, I aint a good man (505). Then the sound of gunfire was heard coming form where Bobby Lee had taken her son and grandchild.Next the Misfit had the mother and the other two chil dren taken back into the woods. The grandmother still tried to talk her way out of being hurt, but failed to ask that her family be saved as well. Three more rounds of shots could be heard from the woods, the grandmother only talked faster to try to save her own life. She told him that Jesus would forgive him of his sins if only he would ask for it. Finally when the grandmother looked at The Misfit she said Why youre one of my babies. Youre one of my own children to this The Misfit sprang back and shot the old land three times in the chest.All of the stories that are discussed in this paper have many signs of being Southern Gothic literature. They show sings of characters that are extremely flawed, stingy, and uncaring. The stories are mysterious, bizarre, and ironic in the end. Southern Gothic authors use these types of traits in their stories to catch the readers attention, and to show aspects of the south that are not perfect. Southern Gothic literature is suspenseful and awkwar d, but is a very well known writing style. Works Cited Definition of southern gothic as provided by Wikipedia .Dilworth, Thomas A Romance to Kill For Homicidal Complicity in Faulkners A Rose for Emily Studies in Short Fiction (363) 1999 251-62 OConnor, Flannery. A Good Man Is Hard to Find Perrines Literature Structure, Sound, and Sense. 8th ed. Boston, MA Heinle & Heinle, 2001. 495- 509. OConnor, Flannery. Good Country People. n. p. 31 Jan. 2006. . Faulkner, William. A Rose for Emily 2002 Perrines Literature Structure, Sound, and Sense. 8th ed. Boston, MA Heinle & Heinle, 2001. 281- 289. Faulkner, William William Faulkner on the web . Southern Gothic. McFLY. n. d. 5 Feb. 2006 .

Equipment and Books Essay

Use of persons name Specific dedication for person to fare why he being recognized Public dis hunt down of all awards Follow-ups Timely Manner If motivation is properly handled, employees will always be beaming and the organization will retain their staff for longer time periods. Educational workplaces require books and equipment such as computers, laboratory equipments, and agricultural equipments for all staff and students.If equipment is non adequate, the staff whitethorn be strained and this whitethorn cause unnecessary delays in lectures and work. Some workplaces may lack current books because of proper funding and this may pose a major challenge to the staff. Cultural Differences Educational workplaces often are filled with people from different cultures. Cultural beliefs influence human behaviors to a great extent and as cultures differ it often makes it severe to design an environment that is conducive to performance and satisfaction.An example would be a colleague who be lieves that women should not expose their faces. This cultural diversity will often make it difficult for women to associate with individuals who may find difficulty in relating to them. Cultural differences influences the following in educational workplaces Mode of dressing Food served most people eat snakes and frogs magic spell to former(a)s dont Associations in the insertion Language used squad work In any workplace, squad upwork poses challenges to many people.This is because of attitudes, values beliefs and behavior. Some individuals may have bad attitude which may affect the goal being seek after by the team, thus affecting other group pieces. Others may exhibit behaviors that matchless may not wish to associate with. In cast to find compatibility, educational workplaces should have workings teamwork members who encourage all individuals to associate with others without consideration of their culture.Team work may result in positive consequences for competing team s and these instances may follow Team members becoming more(prenominal) close and displaying greater loyalty from its members and some members who are close in rank may bury some of their internal differences. Team climate changes from informal, casual, playful and work and task oriented members as well, while concerns for members psychological needs decline while concern for task accomplishment is increased.Leadership patterns tend to change from more democratic toward more autocratic while the team expires more willing to condense autocratic leadership Each team be serves more structured and organized Each team demands more loyalty and conformity from its members in order to be able to present a solid front What happens between competing team? Each team begins to see the other teams as the enemy, rather than merely a neutral object.Each team begins to experience distortions of perception and tends to perceive only the best outcomes while denying weakness and allows competing te ams to perceive only ban assumptions of the other team members while denying their strengths, as each team is likely to develop a negative stereotype of the other such as saying, They dont play fair like we do. Hostility toward the other team increases while interaction and communication with the other team decreases, thus it becomes easier to maintain negative stereotypes and more difficult to correct perceptual distortions.If the teams are forced into interaction, for example, or if they are forced to listen to representatives pleading their own and the others causes, in reference to some task that each team, they are likely to listen more closely to their own representative and not to listen to the representative of the anothers team member, except to find fault with his presentation, in other words, team members tend to listen only for that which supports their own position and stereotype. What happens to the winner?Winners retains their confidence and may become even more coh esive Winner tends to release more tension and become more casual and playful. Winner lean towards higher intra-groups and display more cooperation and concern for other members needs. Winners can become complacent and feel that winning has confirmed a positive stereotype and as the negative stereotypes of the enemy team, there is little basis for reevaluating perceptions or reexamining team operations, in order to learn how to improve them.What happens to the loser? If the situation permits some ambiguity in the decision (if judges have rendered it as a close game), there is a strong tendency for the loser to deny or distort the humankind of losing and instead, the loser will find psychological escapes such as (the judges were biased) or (the judges did not really explain the rules of the game, clearly) or possibly they may think (if luck had not been against us at the one key point, we would have won, and so on.If loss is accedeed, the losing team tends to splinter and as unreso lved conflicts come to surface, fights may breaks out. A losing team member is more tense and may be ready to work harder and may be desperate to find person or something to blame their loss on. They may blame the team leader, the judges who decided against them or even the rules or the game. (The lean and hungry state).A losing member may look for inter-group cooperation, have little concern for other team members needs or huge concern for recouping, by working harder. A losing team member often learn a lot about themselves while working as a team, because positive and negative stereotypes of the other team are upset by their own loss, forcing a reevaluation of perceptions as a consequence and a losing member is more likely to reorganize their ideas and accept their loss more realistically.J. FUNDS In a workplace, funding a project that is viewed as personal is not easy. For example, funding research by one lecturer may be very difficult, although the outcome may benefit the insti tution and again, some projects may be very expensive and even the institution may not have the capacity to fund the project, therefore they may need external funding. Workplace funds may also be employ by staff members.

Final Project Draft: Childhood Obesity Essay

Growing up as a fry and adolescent in the United States is met with many obstacles including exposure to house servant violence, proper education, need of proper nutrition and other socioeconomic issues within the family unit. unmatched particular issue that has begun to grow is electric razorishness obesity which drive out happen to many health and social issues that carry on into adulthood. This epidemic stems partially from geneticals but or soly from a combination of things like a lack of tools to educate p arnts and electric razorren on healthier life choices. As this issue reaches a critical point, budges are being set in motion to combat its scram and overall affect. While childhood obesity is not an issue for some parents, they should educate themselves in order to assist their children in making healthier decisions regarding food for thought and sensible activity.Making these necessary changes crumb potentially improve the childs mental and emotional health and removes certain aesculapian problems later in life resulting in a healthier adult. According to the mayo Clinic, obesity is defined as having an excessive amount of body fat over what is considered to be healthy. Determining whether a child is obese is determining what is a normal weight for their height and weight. For children and adolescents, obesity is particularly troublesome not only for their health now and in the future but for their self-esteem in their formative years. Self-esteem is so crucial to the development of a young persons mind, body and soul. It is what helps them to become well-rounded and contributing members of society. Children and adolescents have different body types at all stages of development. Just because a child carries a few purposeless pounds does not mean they are in any danger of becoming obese or having long-term health problems.With certain ages come different types of developmental changes. Some children have larger body frames that supp ort to a greater extent body weight. Simply looking at a child is not enough to define if there is a weight problem. For example, during puberty adolescent children do fix weight more rapidly due to an influx of hormones. This type of weight gain is normal as long as the ratio of muscle, bone and body fats are in proportion. Determining whether or not a child has a healthy weight is as simple as calculating body mass index or BMI. Doctors often use this calculation though it can be a little more complicated to determine what is normal for a child. Anyone with children may recall frequent visits to the pediatrician early in the childs life where the child is measured for height and weight.These numbers are then plotted on a growth chart to determine what centile that child ranges within. BMI equal to or greater than the 5th percentile and less than the 85th percentile is considered a healthy weight for his or her age (Unknown, 2012). Anything above the 95th percentile is consider ed obese and at risk for various health-related problems. The averages for boys and girls will differ based on the fact that they develop at different speeds oddly during puberty, but it is very important that parents do not jump to conclusion based on appearances and these numbers alone. One must also consider that an gymnastic child or teen may have more muscle mass which can also increase BMI. The most common contributor to childhood obesity is improper nutrition, food choices, and too little physical activity.Less common but still a factor are some genetic and hormonal disorders. Unfortunately many parents will use the knowledge of these disorders to rationalize a weight issue their child might have. In an age of technology, children and teens guide excess amount of succession sedentary playing video games, watching television, using computers, and mobile devices. Commercials on television entice children to eat fast food and drunkenness tallly caffeinated, sugary drinks. The choices being made are not in the interest of the health of the child. Most parents spend 40 hours or more at work, leaving the children alone to fend for themselves which is when they make decisions on what to eat, drink and do to entertain themselves. Family history also presents a risk factor for childhood obesity.One might assume that a family with several or more overweight family member will have children in an environment where high-calorie food and drink is always readily available. In these types of households, physical activity is not stressed nor is it encouraged. Some families also inadvertently teach their children to be emotional eaters. The family that relies on the comfort station of quick cooking meals is also at risk for overweight children because of high calorie content. Certain socioeconomic factors cause families to rely on these types of foods because it is all they can afford. With childhood obesity comes many complications that can affect a childs physi cal, emotional and social social welfare. One of the more well-known physical complications is fictional character 2 diabetes which affects the way a child metabolizes sugar.Usually a simple change in diet and exercise can keep a child from suffering this chronic disorder. A parent may notice that their overweight child seems to be going into puberty sooner than other children which is also other complication of obesity. Carrying around extra weight can cause breathing problems and issue with the development of the childs lungs which can lead to asthma or even sleep apnea (abnormal breathing during sleep). If a child has a poor diet, he or she may also suffer from high cholesterol and high blood pressure. These factors can eventually lead to a buildup of plaque in the arteries causing a stroke or heart attack later in life. These complications overall are known as metabolic syndrome. This is not a disease in itself but a cluster of problems suffered at once. Beyond the physical i ssues caused by obesity are the matters of social and emotional complications. Youth is difficult under the best circumstances but contribute being overweight and a whole new host of issues present themselves.For example, school-age children tend to tease their overweight peers leading to further bullying and loss of self-esteem. According to research conducted by the Mayo Clinic overweight children tend to have more anxiety and poorer social skills than children with a normal weight. These children may withdraw into themselves or act out and disrupt their classrooms or families. Eventually these issues can lead to the more serious problem of depression which is an overwhelming feeling of sadness and hopelessness. If a parent suspects that their child is suffering from depression, a doctor should be immediately contacted and consulted. Parents play a very meaningful role in the causes and risk factors for childhood obesity. They are the first to make the child feel loved and in cont rol of their own bodies.Sensitivity to a childs emotional needs and feelings is very important in aid that child develop into a healthy adult. If a parent feels that his or her child is at risk for obesity, the issue needs to be addressed in a kind and considerate manner. Directness and openness are the best method and one cannot be overly critical or judgmental. Lifestyle changes are difficult for a child to make so giving choices makes them more likely to stick to something new. Praising a childs effort to change will also help boost their self-esteem and keep them going in a positive direction. Some medical issues are brought on by heredity which is to say that people are just born with them, but in the case of childhood obesity, it is a completely preventable problem. As with most issues that affect children and teenagers, home is the first line of defense against future problems.Educating parents and providing them support is an excellent way to ensure that children gain the p roper instruction on lifestyle and health choices. Most do not realize that obesity is costly to each state. According to the National Conference of State Legislature, in 2003, annual medical expenses geared towards obesity and its effects were estimated at $75 billion dollars. Starting in 2005, state legislature became very active in considering programs and policies to address the epidemic. One of the most positive changes to occur is schools providing the nutritional content of the food on its menus enabling students to make better choices during breakfast and lunch.This is also being done at chain restaurants nationwide. Super sizing was removed from all menus and alternatives for kids meals are part of this change as well. Even some convenience store chains banished their long fountain drink cups to combat the obesity epidemic among children as well as adults. The battle for the health of children begins with education and monitoring. If parents maintain an open line of talk with their children, they will be privy to the issues affecting them. Childhood obesity is not just a physical or medical issue. It affects the psychological and emotional well-being of the child which follows them all throughout the rest of their lives. Children need the best start possible so parents should always remember to pay attention and lead by example.ReferencesJohn, A. M., Charles, J. G., Stephen, R. D., & Wang, P. (2012). Race, childhood insulin, childhood caloric intake, and class 3 obesity at age 24 14-year prospective study of schoolgirls. Obesity, 20(3), 597-604. insidehttp//dx.inside.org/10.1038/oby.2011.126Mooney, B. (2012). Childhood obesity time to wake up to the facts. World Of Irish Nursing & Midwifery, 20(7), 41-42.Wojcicki, J. M., & Heyman, M. B. (2012). Reducing Childhood Obesity by Eliminating 100% Fruit Juice. American Journal Of Public Health, 102(9), 1630-1633. doi10.2105/ AJPH. 2012.300719 Willis, T. A., Potrata, B. B., Hunt, C. C., & J. (2012). Traini ng community practitioners to work more effectively with parents to prevent childhood obesity the impact of HENRY upon Childrens Centres and their staff. Journal Of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 25(5), 460-468. doi10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01247.x

Anne Carson Essay

Early one morning words were missing. When I first read Short Talks, I had difficulty understanding why Anne Carson wrote about what she did, and thought that some words must bring in been missing. I was confused as to how they all fit together and it was only after advertize consideration that I came to see how the sections unite into one cohesive piece. Anne Carsons Short Talks is a series of short reflections on different subjects that at first do not seem to be related, but through her use of cyclical images and consistent use of historical facts in fiction, the piece gains a cohesive quality that unifies the work.Throughout this piece Anne Carson references many historical figures. She mentions many famous people, including Frans Kafka, Gertrude Stein, Prokofiev, and Sylvia Plath, and by referencing these people she borrows from the authority they hold in the readers mind to inflect her own work. She even references Frans Kafka multiple times, which acts to reinforce her auth ority. She references him first in the short talk On Rectification about his life and wife, and then brings him up over again in On The Anatomy. By having her texts refer back onto themselves in an authoritative way, she strengthens her reliability in the readers mind as easy as the relatedness of the different Talks.Anne Carson goes further than just bringing up historical figures. She withal references many historical works of art as well as facts. The way in which she does this unifies her talks in a way that seems scientifically reliable. It appears as though she has facts to base her talks on, which stops the reader from wondering for in any case long if she is any sort of authority on the subject. She places these historical references throughout the text to curb the readers questions, as if to say look, Im not make this up, see this fact? I am talking about real things, go look it up if you want. She starts off the talks with a fact insist alongside her assumptions. In Homo sapiens she says the phases of the moon were inscribed on the handles of the tools, so they could be reminded of her presence while they worked. While the tools may actually have had the phases of the moon inscribed upon them, it does not mean the inscriptions were used for that purpose at all. Anne Carson asserts historical assumptions with historical fact consistentlythroughout her text, which serves to unify the text.Yep, she plays with that strict segmentation between fact and fiction. I think she is showing us that the way she knows these facts is filtered through her aesthetics and her particular way of perceiving even though she is a classics scholar, her facts ar inevitably fictionalized.Anne Carson also uses many cyclical imagery to unite her work. There are many reappearing images in this work, including the moon, travel, and art, but one great use of imagery is her use of weewee. Water appears in many of the talks, including On Waterproofing. This short talk is particularly important because it gives a deeper meaning to the appearance of water. This is a genuinely strong, emotionally charged, talk, and whenever water appears in the peace emotions seem to flow with it. In On Waterproofing the mother dies shortly after the father shines her shoes so they are waterproof. Water also appears again when she is looking for her lost lover she crosses rivers, and the strong emotions of loss are again connected with water. Water is also a very cyclical element. Water exists in the water pedal, and the water cycle is also related to the moon and its cycles.These are wonderful details to notice. I loved these sections tooWater is also important in more subtle ways throughout the text. In On Trout the cyclical nature of water is more subtly referred to. Trout live their lives entirely in the water, and their life cycle depends on swimming upstream to spawn. Anne Carson says that some trout do not spawn upstream, and says that these stay trout survive the winter by finding somewhere very deep in the water to hide. This reference brings up imagery of both the water cycle and the life cycle of trout, but also reinforces the watery imagery throughout the text, which ultimately serves to unite the short talks as a whole.

Classroom Observation Report

INTRODUCTIONThe school that we pass water chosen for our schoolroom observation is SMK Mutiara Rini which is situated at Jalan Persiaran Utama, Taman Mutiara Rini, Skudai Johor Bahru. This school consists of 2250 students from various level of proficiency. We have decided to observe misfire Niwashini Nambiar d/o Aravindan whom are one of our concourse mates for this classroom observation assignment.Miss Niwashini Nambiar has been training side wrangle for both lower and upper lower-ranking for three years. We notice the lower secondary group students whom are in form 2 UKM. There are 32 students in 2 UKM and their English language proficiency level is intermediate.TEACHING METHODOLOGYBefore we went to observe Miss Niwashini, we already prepared an observation checklist to make sure that by the end of the observation, we allow for be suitable to argue on the methodology use of goods and servicesd by the instructor during pedagogy and learning session. Throughout the less on, we observed that the instructor minimized the use of mother tongue. She only used it when it was the last resort to make the students to a lower placestand a particular term or word used during the lesson.The teaching techniques were organized for learners to learn communicative function. During the narrow down induction for example, the teacher came out with just aboutthing that triggered students prior knowledge, thus we can see that the students were mostly eager to come up to and participate in the conversation. This is parallel with the principle underpinning Communicative row Teaching (CLT) where according to Brown (2001), CLT involves the use of language productively and receptively where the teacher facilitates and guides the learners to practice language skills in the classroom.For the activities chosen by the teacher during the lesson, we observed that it involved real life communication and also rich mix of classroom activities were implemented, where group work , pair work were all integrated during the lesson. For the group work activity, it allows the students to interact with one another, even round of them still communicate using their mother tongue except, we observed that some of them did tried to use English as much as they can.The lesson was not focused mainly on the form of language but its function as considerably, where the teacher tried to make the students able to use the tar crush language using the activities done during the lesson. We found that the set induction as well as the activities conducted by the teacher jump to what has been suggested by Larsen-Freeman (2000) that true communicative activities have three main features information gap, choice and feedback, using current material in a small group activities.By taking the first activity conducted for example, where the students get into a group of five, it applied task-based learning which the students need to complete the task at the same condemnation used th e target language and the language acquisition will eventually happen. Another thing that we observed during the class lesson was that the teachers goal of teaching was to develop students communicative competence. The opportunities for the students to develop fluency and accuracy were provided by the teacher especially when the students were given a chance to present their work to the class and they got to receive feedback from peers as well as from the teacher.Parrish (2004) advocates that in CLT class, teachers role is mainly as facilitator to guide the students in the interaction that takes place during teaching and learning session. This can be seen throughout the lesson, where Miss Niwashini did not dominated the lesson and the students speaking condemnation is maximized by being the main communicator in classroom. From what we have observed, we can conclude Miss Niwashini had integrated Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in her teaching and learning session where she had emphasized on the communication in real-life land site to deliver the lesson. In this report, we also included her lesson plan for that particular lesson to give a clearer view on her teaching and learning session that day.As what is believed by Mustapha Yahaya (2013) that the successful implementation of CLT in English language teaching depends largely on the teachers understanding. We can say that Miss Niwashinis lesson truly has almost all the beliefs under CLT which it was reflected through the way she conducted her lesson in the classroom. This can be seen from her methods and techniques applied during the lesson, the way she designed the activities for her students and the materials used for the activities.LESSON PLANCLASS clipping DURATION ATTENDANCE SUBJECT DAY DATE2UKM 2.20 pm- 3.20 pm 60 M32/32 ENGLISH THURSDAY 5/4/2018LESSON LESSON 23 LANGUAGE AWARENESS NON-TEXTBOOK BASED LESSONMAIN SKILL(S) FOCUS SPEAKING , READING WRITINGTHEME PEOPLE AND CULTURE field LIVE WELL(HEB AT)LANGUAGE FOCUS Vocabulary related to the topic the health.CONTENT STANDARDMain Skill written material 4.1Communicate distinctly through print and digital media on familiar topics.Complementary Skill READING 3.1Understand a variety of texts by using a range of appropriate reading strategies to construct meaning.LEARNING STANDARD Main Skill Writing4.1.5Connect sentences into two coherent paragraphs or more using basic coordinating conjunctions and pronounsComplementary Skill READING 3.1.1Use with some support familiar print and digital resources to check meaning.LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson, students should be able to frame a balance meal.Identify healthy and unhealthy foods in each of the food groups.SUCCESS CRITERIA At the end of the lesson, students will be able to Create a balanced meal and explain about the meal with immaculate pronunciation based on the given reading text.REFERENCES Access to bilingual dictionaries.CROSS CURRICULAR grammatical constituent Technology EducationHOTS Analyzing and Applying MORAL VALUES GratitudeI-THINK Double Bubble Map PAK-21 Round table activity.ACTIVITIESPRE- LESSON LESSON DEVELOPMENT POST- LESSONGreet the students and make the topic fit Meal for the students.Teacher asks the students at random what do they really understand with the phrase Balanced diet Students will provide the examples of healthy and Unhealthy food. Students will get into group of 5.Students are depute to create their own balanced meal.They should create a menu card based on the balanced meal that they are going to create. In groups, students are required to explain about the meal that they have created with accurate pronunciation.ASSESSMENT WorksheetsREFLECTIONSCLASS 2UKM 32/32 students able to answer random questions given by their respective teacher. The students able to provide a list of healthy and unhealthy food based on the alphabet shown by their teacher on the whiteboard. Apart from that, students able to identify and classify the healthy and unhealthy food shown by the teacher through random pictures. Students able to create a menu card based on the balanced meal for obesity patients via group work. Students able to present their work within the given time frame and only used English fully throughout the entire lesson.REFERENCESBrown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles An synergetic Approach to Language Pedagogy (2nd Ed.). New York Longman.Larsen-Freeman, D. (2000). Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching (2nd Ed.).Oxford Oxford University Press. Parrish, B. (2004). Teaching Adult ESL A Practical Introduction. 3L Journal of Language Teaching 3(103-109). Oxford Oxford University Press. Mustapha, S. T. Yahaya, R. A. (2013).Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in Malaysian Context Its instruction execution in Selected Community Colleges. Social and Behavioral Sciences 90(788-794). Malaysia Universiti Teknologi MARA.

Back to School Essay

They say that education is the most important thing for society. That education is the steering out of trouble, poverty, unemployment and many other things. But any of this is hard to understand for children, and that is a problem, for it is them who are in the education system. So how do you get kids and youngsters to understand the importance of education and hard work? That is what pep up Obama the president of the United States of America has tried to do.He gave the speech Back to School to students of all ages in the rail system trying to evoke in them a feeling of office when it comes to school and education. This news report analyzes and comments on that speech, and it partly focuses on how he addresses his audition, and what feelings he evokes in them. When you talk close to rhetoric there is a classic way of building it up The opening comes first. Here Obama says hello and talks intimately the first day in a semester day, much(prenominal) as that exact day.Then the narrative which is slightly background information. Here he talks about his own experience as a schoolboy. by and by that comes the argumentation. In this part all the main weight of the speech is. He talks about responsibility, opportunities and so on. Then normally comes the refutation, but that part it not present in this speech, so at no point does he come with any arguments against his proposition, but on the other hand that would too be stupid in this case. In the end is of cause the ending.Here he concludes what he put ups from all the students. This makes it all very easy understandable and easy to follow, which is important when he is addressing kids and youngsters. The main point he is devising is that all the students should work hard in school so they can get a total education. As a ground for this main statement he says that a good education is need if one complimentss to become something in life, and that jobs and money does not come from nothing. He uses d ifferent kinds of rhetorical techniques when he argues his points.He starts off by addressing the listening personally in the very first margin, Hello everyone hows everybody doing today? (l. 1). This makes the audience pay much much attention than if he had only said something such as welcome for instance. Throughout the speech he often repeats a word or the seed of a sentence such as it is seen in lines 164-165. Here he repeats the phrase I expect . This gives his words more substance. When you read or hear it you rattling focus on the things that are repeated. So when it is used here you really understand exactly what it is he necessitys the students to do.Another thing that he does to really capture his audience is to give them examples that they can relate to or compare themselves to. This is done in line 92 to 107. This is also good, because it is a quite young audience he is addressing in this speech and it makes the strong thing easier accessible for them. He also tells his own story, and thereby makes himself more relatable. That is important, because when kids see Obama they see a famous person but none the less a stranger, and therefore an adult whom they do not know how to relate to.All these things make him more unrelatable for the young people. So when he reveals details about his own childhood he creates a trust bond amidst himself and his audience, and in that way makes the kids want to listen and more likely agree with him. In America national sentiment is very common, and responsibility towards the country is often used as a means to encourage and motivate people. This feeling is something that Obama also takes advantage of, If you dont do that if you quit on school youre not just quitting on yourself, youre quitting on your country (ll. 63-64).The country and the responsibility to it are mentioned several times. The feeling that the students kick in to do well in school not just for themselves, but for their country, is then bu ilt up through the speech to a degree where it almost causes bad continence for those who does not take their school seriously. Obama addresses his audience with a great deal of empathy, Now I know its not evermore easy to do well in school. I know a lot of you have challenges in your lives skillful now that can make it hard to focus on your schoolwork. Here is a line chisel in in the text I get it.I know what thats like. (ll. 65-67). This is another thing that minimizes the distance between Obama and his audience. This empathy causes people to respect him more because they feel they are somewhat on the same page. It makes the audience want to listen because they now can see that he is not unaware or indifferent of the obstacles in their lives. Throughout the speech Obama uses pathos as the main way of persuasion. And even when youre struggling, even when youre discouraged, and you feel like other people have given up on you dont ever give up on yourself.Because when you give u p on yourself, you give up on your country. (ll. 147-149), here it is the feelings and emotions he appeals to. This is a very strong way of appealing to appealing to people, because it makes people more likely to agree, because they are emotional. In lines 158 to 160 he gives a line of questions. Those questions are meant so the audience will be encouraged to do something with their lives and therefore focus on their education. It is not questions about whether or not they will achieve something in life, it is questions about what that will achieve in life.That way he tricks the audience into feeling that they have to achieve something, something for their country. Through the use of different rhetorical techniques, such as repetition, appeal to emotions, a line of questions and leveling himself with his audience, he achieves a convincing argumentation. He addresses his young audience with empathy, and reveals his own story to them which makes the distance between him and his audie nce smaller. So maybe Barrack Obama has found the right way to address a young audience, and convince them to work harder in the schools.

Landscape Architecture

BUILD ENVIRONMENT The term create surround pushs to the human-made surroundings that provide the circumstance for human activity, ranging in scale from buildings and parks or green space to neighborhoods and cities that can often admit their supporting infrastructure, such as water supply, or energy networks. The built environment is a material, spatial and cultural product of human labor that combines animal(prenominal) elements and energy in forms for upkeep, working and playing. It has been defined as the human-made space in which people live, work, and recreate on a day-to-day basis.The built environment encompasses places and spaces created or modified by people including buildings, parks, and transportation systems. In recent years, public health enquiry has expanded the definition of built environment to accept healthy food access, confederation gardens, walkabilty, and bikability. Early concepts of built environments were introduced thousands of years ago. Hippodamus of Miletos, cognise as the father of urban plan, developed Greek cities from 498 BC to 408 BC that created order by using grid plans that mapped the city.These early city plans eventu whollyy gave way to the City gorgeous movement in the late 1800s and early 1900s, inspired by Daniel Hudson Burnham, a reformist for the Progressivism movement who dynamicly promoted a reform of the beautify in tandem with political change. The effort was in partnership with others who believed that beautifying American cities would improve the moral compass of the cities and encourage the upper class to spend their money in cities. This beautification process included parks and architectural design. Modern built environmentCurrently built environments atomic number 18 typically utilise to describe the interdisciplinary field that addresses the design, construction, management, and wasting disease of these man-made surroundings as an interrelated whole as well as their relationship to human ac tivities over time (rather than a particular element in isolation or at a single moment in time). The field is generally not regarded as a traditional profession or academic discipline in its own right, kind of drawing upon beas such as economics, law, public policy, public health, management, geography, design, technology, and environmental sustainability.Within the field of public health, built environments be referred to as building or renovating aras in an effort to improve the communitys well-being finished construction of aesthetically, health improve, and environmentally improved landscapes and living structures. Urban planning The term urban planning indicates that much of the environment we inhabit is man-made and that these artificial surroundings argon so extensive and viscous that with regards to the consumption of resources, waste disposal, and productive enterprise, they be similar to organisms.Public health In public health, built environments refer to physic al environments that ar designed with health and wellness as integral move of the communities. Research has indicated that how neighborhoods are created can affect both the physical activity and mental health of the communities residents. Studies have shown that built environments that were expressly designed to improve physical activity are linked to higher rates of physical activity, which in turn, positively affects health.Neighborhoods with more walkability had commencementer rates of corpulency as well as increased physical activity among its residents. They as well had lower rates of depression, higher social capital, and less alcohol abuse. Walkability features in these neighborhoods include safety, sidewalk construction, as well as destinations in which to walk. In addition, the perception of a walkable neighborhood, one that is instinctd to have good sidewalks and connectivity, is correlated with higher rates of physical activity. Assessments of walkability have been completed through the use of GIS programs.One such program, Street smarting Walk Score, is a walkability assessment tool which determines distances to grocery stores and other amenities, as well as connectivity and intersection frequency using specific addresses. Assessments such as Street Smart Walk Score can be utilized by city and county planning departments to improve lively walkability of communities. Public health also addresses additional components of built environments including motorbikeability and healthy food access such as proximity to grocery stores and community gardens.Bikeability refers to the access that an area has granted to safe biking through multiple bike paths and bike lanes. Both walkability and bikeability have been cited as determinants of physical activity. Access to healthy food is also an beta component to the built environment. A higher density of convenience stores has been associated with obesity in children. In contrast, improved access to comm unity supermarkets and farmers markets is correlated with lower overweight status. Specifically in low income neighborhoods, the presence of a local grocery store is correlated with lower BMI/overweight risk. companionship gardens are also considered a part of the built environment, and have been shown to increase fruit and vegetable intake among gardeners. Scholars say that community gardens have also been shown to have positive social and psychological impacts that lead to lower levels of stress, hypertension, and an improved sense of wellness, affecting the overall health of the individual and the community. The intersection of public health with other disciplines is evident in the design process of built environments which includes environmental planning, policy development and land-use planning.Research suggests that people are more active in mixed-use communities or those that incorporate retail and residential and densely populated areas as well as those with good street conn ectivity. Those who preferred to walk and live in walkable environments often have lower obesity rates and drive less over those who preferred living in auto-dependent environments. The strength of the evidence for reducing obesity through environment has been highlighted by the Center for Disease Control in its Common Community Measures for Obesity Prevention Project, which includes measures of healthy food access and physical activity environments.Landscape architecture In landscape architecture, the built environment is understood to mean a human-made landscape, as distinguished from the inseparable environment for example, a city park is a built environment. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally-0 on Earth-1 or any(prenominal) region thereof. It is an environment that encompasses the interaction of all living species. The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished by components Complete ecolog ical-2 units that function as natural-3 systems without massive human-4 intervention, including all vegetation-5, microorganisms-6, soil-7, rocks-8, atmosphere-9, and natural phenomena-10 that occur within their boundaries. Universal natural resources-11 and physical phenomena-12 that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air-13, water-14, and climate-15, as well as energy-16, radiation-17, electric charge-18, and magnetism-19, not originating from human activity.The natural environment is contrasted with the built environment-20, which comprises the areas and components that are strongly influenced by humans. A geographical area is regarded as a natural environment. It is vexed to feel absolutely natural environments, and it is common that the naturalness varies in a continuum, from ideally 100% natural in one extreme to 0% natural in the other. More precisely, we can consider the different aspects or components of an environment, and see that their degree of naturalness is not unif orm.If, for instance, we take an agricultural field, and consider the mineralogic composition-21 and the structure-22 of its soil, we will find that whereas the early is quite similar to that of an undisturbed forest soil, the structure is quite different. Natural environment is often utilise as a synonym for habitat-23. For instance, when we say that the natural environment of giraffes is the savanna-24. PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS The Typical correct Body The Root System (Usually underground) Anchor the plant in the soil Absorb water and nutrients use up water and nutrients Food Storage The Shoot System (Usually above grounds) Elevates the plant above the soil legion(predicate) functions including p heatedosynthesis reproduction & dispersal food and water conduction TYPE OF PLANTS Cacti (Cactus) Cactus plants are well adapted to hot and dry weather by storing water in their succulent stems. They are also known for their spines, for which they are famous. Flowers Flowers are the reproductive part of angiosperms, also known as flowering plants. Herbs Herbs are utilise for culinary, healthful and spiritual uses. In cuisine, the leaves of the herb are normally the only part used.All parts of herbs are used in various medical or spiritual practices. Shrubs and Bushes Usually under 6 m tall, shrubs and bushes are categorized as woody plants. Shrubs have multiple stems and many are covered with flowers of all shapes and sizes. Trees Trees are everywhere in the world. Trees are tall, large and some are very old. Trees are important in fighting soil erosion and responsible for the clean oxygen we breathe. Vegetables The term vegetable is not actually a scientific classification of a plant, but rather strictly a culinary term.Vegetables are parts of plants (flower buds, seeds, stems, fruits, etc) that are edible and used in culinary dishes. PLANT Plants, also called green plants (Viridiplantae in Latin), are living organisms of the kingdom Plantae including s uch multicellular groups as flowering plants, conifers, ferns and mosses, as well as, depending on definition, the green algae, but not red or brown seaweeds like kelp, nor fungi or bacteria. spurt plants have cell walls with cellulose and characteristically obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis using chlorophyll contained in chloroplasts, which gives them their green color.Some plants are parasitic and may not produce normal amounts of chlorophyll or photosynthesize. Plants are also characterized by sexual reproduction, modular and indeterminate growth, and an alteration of generations, although asexual reproduction is common, and some plants apex only once while others bear only one bloom. Precise numbers are difficult to determine, but as of 2010, there are thought to be 300315 thousand species of plants, of which the great majority, some 260290 thousand, are seed plants.Green plants provide most of the worlds free oxygen and are the basis of most of the earths ecologies, in particular on land. Plants described as grains, fruits and vegetables form mankinds basic foodstuffs, and have been domesticated for millennia. Plants enrich our lives as flowers and ornaments. Until recently and in great variety they have served as the source of most of our medicines and drugs. Their scientific study is known as botany. -0 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nature -1 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Earth -2 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ecological -3 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nature -4 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Human -5 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Vegetation -6 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Microorganisms -7 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Soil -8 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Rock_(geology) -9 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Atmosphere -10 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Natural_phenomenon -11 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Natural_resource -12 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Physical_phenomena -13 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/ mail -14 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Water -15 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Climate -16 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Energy -17 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Radiation -18 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Electric_charge -19 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Magnetism -20 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Built_environment -21 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mineralogy -22 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Soil_structure -23 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Habitat -24 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Savanna

British nursery Essay

During the first gear daylight, nothing of great interest seemed to happen. I was quoted by a young woman in the afternoon as having big legs that way while being gestured to the sky and I spy the route to the staff room but other than that I seemed to have exercisetled into the operate oning enjoyment pretty quickly. By the time I got home I was exhausted. I felt like I had run a marathon even though the working day was only half an hr longer than a school day and I had taken part in no somatogenetic activity.Mum claimed that being with tikeren was much more difficult than people realized. It certainly opened my eyes to the teachers nearly me that have to deal with us every day As the week wore on I launch myself almost enjoying the effortless days yet also wishing I had slightly more to do. I always got the feeling from my two supervisors that they had done this job for so m some(prenominal) years that they felt they didnt need me. I felt that I was continually offering my help but not to any great success.As lazy as I am though, I guess it was almost my stark(a) two weeks as I soon learnt that a staff training day was due on the Friday and a strike was happening the next Monday. An eight day fortnight, wonderful My worst moment was during the first week when a certain boy nearly emptied his stomach contents over my leg at the same time that a boy expected me to clean his accident up. When three other teachers were in the room I felt it almost typical that all the drama happened to me, the only individual who didnt have a clue what to doMrs Rusha was very nice, though, and offered to help claiming this to be the norm. The greatest trouble I had was keeping my confidence up throughout the placement. Especially when conducting the interview as done in my work finger booklet. Talking to the staff during lunchtime was also quite difficult for me as I had to be careful about what I said so it didnt backfire on my mum or the school. She had given me a dvice beforehand, though, and explained my responsibility so I knew to be cautious of what I said and did.The final day was definitely the one most likely to stay in my memory the longest. A Sponsored Bounce had been set up in the hall and as I was the youngest student, with exception to the actual toddlers, I had the honour of waiver with them. This was an annual set up by the parents association of two large bouncy castles for every child in the school. Admist the cries of delight and some cries of complete fear from the toddlers you could faintly hear the sound of a sextet foot girl laughing hysterically.It was great fun and I eventually dragged the other teachers onto it so that everyone was enjoying themselves. I also got given an easter egg as a thank you which was touching for me as Id felt I hadnt actually done much. I hope my presence was valued by someone there and that I might have taught a child something theyll never forget. The experience certainly taught me a lot, from helping me find out what teachers get up to outside the classroom to conclusion out how tough it really is for nurseries to deal with new Government issues all the time. (E. g.a new jollyphonics fascinate must at once be taught in every British nursery). I got a real brain wave into working with children and I found that although the children are different and exciting every day, the job isnt. I couldnt see myself becoming a nursery teacher as I need more challenges and a better chance of progression in my job. I absolutely admire teachers now and Ive resolute that a job concerning both children and sport could be something Im really interested in. For now however I intend to get to university for a sports science degree and to keep my options open.

Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Essay

lemonlike Healthcare offers groups for breastfeeding mothers, postpartum depression, grieving for loss of a child, obesity, eating disorders etc. Do the residential district members value health advancement measures? What is the evidence that they do or do not (e.g., involvement in education, fundraising events, etc.)? Fundraising events for local kids with Neuroblastoma (Pediatric) Cancer fund raise for community sports alike(p) footb each and cheerleading Whatdoes the community value? How is this evident?Religion- Church on Sun twenty-four hour periods with familyFamily Values- many family functions like concerts in the local park, movie night at the Lake On what do the community members spend their property? Are funds adequate? CarsHomes, rent- cost of living is gamy in CAEating bulgeShoppingMiddle Class majority, funds can get tightHealth Perception/ commissionPredominant health problems match at least one health problem to a believable statistic (CDC, county, or state). Obesity33% in San Diego are every last(predicate) overweight, 26% are obese30% of kids grades 5/7/9 are overweight/obese in San Diego County (Community profile county, 2013) Immunization place (age appropriate).4.5% of Kindergarteners are missing one or to a greater extent vaccinesOut of 43,000 kindergarteners in the county, 1900 are not full immunized non all families in San Diego are immunizing their children due to things they hear about vaccines- EX vaccines causing autism Parents do not do their research and often listen to hear-say or false news reports allot death rates and causes, if applicable.Top 10 causes of death in San Diego Malignant neoplasms, diseases of the heart, Alzheimers, chronic lower respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular disease, accidents (unintentional injuries), diabetes, intended self-harm (Suicide), chronic liver disease (cirrhosis), hypertension/hypertensive renal disease and influenza/pneumonia (San Diego County, n.d.) In 2012, in San Diego alone there were 20,018 deaths3,684 in eastward County San Diego1,806 were Male1,876 were Female377 Hispanic3,015 gaberdine130 Black88 Asian70 OtherAge groups 0-4 (28 deaths), 5-14 (6 deaths), 15-24 (42 deaths), 25-24 (68 deaths), 35-44 (90 deaths), 45-54 (278 deaths), 55-64 (474 deaths), 65-74 (587 deaths), 75-84 (863 deaths), 84+ (1,248 deaths) (San Diego County, n.d.) Prevention programs (dental, run off, fitness, base hit, etc.) Does the community think these are sufficient? Drug Abuse streak programs, Delinquent and check failure measure programs CAL Fire teaches a fire nixion program locally in San Diego, CA unspoiled Kids San Diego which teaches prevention of unintentional accidents such as drowning, child passenger safety, sports and recreation safety and pedestrian safety (Safe Kids San, 2014) Western Dental provides services for citizenry who no insurance for a cheaper rate Multiple middle train facilities such as 24 hour Fitness, Crunch and Chuze are slightly of the biggest gyms out here gettable health professionals, health resources within the community, and usage. Planned Parenthood- health care for pregnancy and STD prevention Local hospitals- Kaiser Permanente, Sharp Grossmont Hospital, Scripps Hospital, Sharp Memorial Hospital are a few big hospitals in San Diego, CA urgent Care clinics like Doctors Express are usableSan Diego earth HealthLanguage Specific healthcare such as Arabic, Spanish, Tagalog etc. Common referrals to outside agencies.WIC- Women, Infants and ChildrenBlack Women, Infants and ChildrenFood StampsLow Cost health check examination and dental careHabitat for HumanityNutrition/MetabolicIndicators of nutrient deficiencies.Vitamin deficiencies such as Vitamin D and IronUnexplained fatigue, brittle, dry h shine, ridged or spoon shaped nails, mouthproblems, diarrhea, irritability or lack or appetite can all indicate nutrient deficiencies San Diego has one of the largest homeless communitys in the country, especially ho meless veterans. Malnutrition is prevalent in this group of people Obesity rates or percentages Compare to CDC statistics.This bullet was answered up above in a previous question.Affordability of viands/available discounts or food programs and usage (e.g., WIC, food boxes, soup kitchens, meals-on-wheels, food stamps, senior discounts, employee discounts, etc.). Food StampsWIC (Women, Infants and Children)BWIC (Black Women, Infants and Children)Meals on wheelsSenior discounts offered at some restaurants like Soup Plantation. 55 plus is considered senior citizen here in calcium Project homeless person ConnectAvailability of water (e.g., number and quality of drinking fountains). water supply fountains in all stores and schools intoxication water (Tap water) meets nigh government standards but needs to be to a greater extent thoroughly treated Water comes from 3 places Northern California from snow and rain, the Colorado river and local rain water runoff stiff food and junk food ac cessibility ( sell machines).Vending machines at intimately all high schoolsCalifornia difficult to change contents to offer healthier choices Fast food on almost both corner- very accessibleEvidence of healthy food aspiration or unhealthy food consumption (trash, long lines, observations, etc.). Always long line as fast food placesGyms ceaselessly crowed, protein/workout drinks always in handBeaches are full of people in bathing suits (fit and unfit)Farmers markets on Wednesdays crowdedA lot of people do special programs like Weight Watchers, Opti-Fast, Medi-Fast, Nutri-System, Jenny Craig etc Re-think your Drink this program is trying to eliminate sugar sweetened drinks and are replacing them with water, low fat milk for 50% or greater natural fruit juices Provisions for special diets, if applicable.Items containing specific allergies have them stated on the grade like nuts, shellfish or specific fruits For schools (in addition to above)Nutritional content of food in cafeter ia and vending machines Compare to ARS 15-242/The Arizona Nutrition Standards (or other state standards ground on residence) Fruit/veggie base drinks with no less than 50% fruit juiceMilk 2% fat, non-fat, soy or sift milk non more than 35 percent of its make out calories can come from fat (excluding nuts, seeds, eggs, cheese, fruit, vegetables and legumes) Not more than 10 percent calories from sat fat (Excluding eggs and cheese) Not more than 35% of its total weight may be composed of sugar, including naturally occurring and added sugar (excluding fruits and vegetables that have not been deep fried) Not more than 250 calories per various(prenominal) food item (Middle schools and Jr High Schools, High Schools) No more than 175 per various(prenominal) food item for unsubdivided schools Amount of publish or reduced lunch60% free or reduced lunch in schools in San Diego, CAElimination (Environmental Health Concerns)Common air contaminants impact on the community.Smog, Allergies - Pollen, MoldNoise.Major Airport, major soldiery bases, heavy traffic noisesWaste disposal.Miramar Landfill fella control Is the community notified of pesticides usage? Yes, individual residences take care of their own pest problems Hanta Virus- In pilfer poop in our areaHygiene works (laundry services, hand airstreaming, etc.).Laundry mats are in abundance, dry cleaners and individual washer and dryers in some residences Singing the Happy Birthday song twice bandage washing hands was on the local news to help people wash their hands more efficiently Toilet seat covers in most public bathroom servicesSigns stating Must wash hands before returning to work in all restaurant bathrooms Bathrooms Number of bathrooms inspect for cleanliness, supplies, if possible. almost public bathrooms have signs for employees to sign when they have checked and maintained the restroom Public bathrooms are broadly clean and well stocked, if not usually an employee of the place is easily notified Universal precaution practices of health providers, teachers, members (if applicable). preventative gowns, gloves, shields when handling bodily fluids for health providers when in facilities Teachers usually do not have access to all of the equipment necessary but in general have gloves on hand Temperature controls (e.g., within buildings, outside shade structures). Temperatures generally in the 70-75 ranges in controlled areas such as schools and stores Shades provided at local parksCommunity pools and beaches available for hot temperaturesSafety (committee, security guards, crossing guards, badges, locked campuses). Most day cares are locked facilitiesCrossing guards at most elementary and middle schoolsSecurity guards at stores and hospitals to prevent theft and crime Trolley GuardsVolunteer constabulary force patrol (Elderly men and women)Activity/ExerciseCommunity fitness programs (gym discounts, P.E., recess, sports, access to YMCA, etc.). YMCAsGyms 24 hour fitness, crunc h, chuzeAYSO (local association football game leagues for kids)T-ball/ baseball/ softball fields at Cactus Park (name of play park) P.E in middle school/high school for 2 yearsRecess at elementary schoolsZumba and Jazzercise programs locallyRecreational facilities and usage (gym, playgrounds, cycle per second paths, hiking trails, courts, pools, etc.). Playgrounds at most local parksMission Trails- hiking, bike trailsCowles Mountain, Iron Mountain- Hiking trailsCommunity pools- YMCAsSafety programs (rules and regulations, safety training, incentives, athletic trainers, etc.). Lifeguards at local community pools and beachesSafe drivers incentives with Allstate InsuranceDiscounts on car insurance with unspoilt grades and no troubleCrime Stoppers, Mc Gruff Crime Dog, Kidzwatch Academy, Safety Sam are police station programs that kids and other community members can participate in to ensure community safety stigma statistics or most super C injuries.In San Diego, unintentional inj uries were the sixth leading cause of death in 2009 Nearly 1000 people died that year of unintentional injuries with 30% of those caused by poisoning including overdose both hour in San Diego, an average of 19 people are hospitalized or treated in the ER because of injuries Car accidents, drowning, falls, assault, struck by an object, burns, overexertion and suffocation are some of the most common causes of injury in all age groups Evidence of sedentary leisure activities (amount of time watching TV, videos, and computer). Computers used as capital resource for schoolsInternet used as primary resource for communityDriving short distances that could be walkedT.V takes up, on average, 2.8 hours of most peoples dayAges 15-19 spend read for an average of 4 transactions per weekend day and 52 minutes playing a game on the computer Ages 75 and over spend an average of 1 hour of reading per weekend day and 20 minutes playing games or using a computer Employed liberals with no children spend about 4.5 hours per day doing leisure activities and employed adults with a child/children spend about 3.5 hours doing leisure activities per day Means of transportation.Trolley, Bus, Cars, Bikes, walking and park and ride for carpoolSleep/RestSleep routines/hours of your community Compare with sleep hour standards (from issue Institutes of Health NIH). Eating heavy dinners, caffeine, smoking and exercise late in the day is effecting sleep of people in SanDiego Graveyard shifts are common due to places being open 24/7 quiescence anywhere from 6-9 hoursIndicators of general restedness and energy levels.Lack of bags or dark circles low eyesHair, makeup and equipage appropriate for environmentLess caffeine neededFactors affecting sleepShift work preponderance of community membersAll shifts, mostly 12 hour shifts in the healthcare field,Mainly anywhere from 7am-6pm for most full time employed people Environment (noise, lights, crowding, etc.)Near main airport, military bases, lights and crowds near football and baseball stadiums, colleges, living near freeways Consumption of caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and drugsA least 3 major Universities in San Diego (Caffeine consumption) Average age in San Diego is 20s-30s and large nightlife crowd downtown San Diego (Alcohol and drugs) 2012 drug stats Heroin increase, crack/ cocain decrease, methamphetamines increase, marijuana increase, prescription opioids decrease, ecstasy decrease (Drug abuse patterns, 2014) Homework/Extracurricular activitiesHigh school student average 3 hours of homework per nightAnywhere from 6.8 to 17.5 hours of homework per week for high school students Elementary schools 2.9 hours per weekMiddle school 3.2 hours per weekAfter school sports- up to 3 hours of practice for some like football Health issuesStress, common colds/flu, pediatric cancers, diabetes types 1 and 2, obesity, hypertensionCognitive/perceptualPrimary language Is this a communication barrier?English/ Spanish, Arabic, Vie tnamese (possible communication barriers) 37.1 % of San Diegos population speaks a different language than Englisheducational levels For geopolitical communities, use http//www.census.gov and compare the city in which your community belongs with the national statistics. San Diego County High school graduates 85.4 %Bachelors degree or higher 34.4 % ( cite and county, 2014) Opportunities/ProgramsEducational offerings (in-services, continuing education, GED, etc.) more programs offering GED programs and prep classes including community colleges All hospitals and healthcare centers provide in-servicesGrossmont college, Grossmont adult night schoolROP (Regional Occupation Program)Learn English (program in El Cajon, CA to help foreigners visualise English) Educational mandates (yearly in-services, continuing education, English learners, etc.) CEUs for nurses- 30 hours every 2 years for RNsSpecial education programs (e.g., knowledge disabled, emotionally disabled, physically disabled, and gifted) GATE- gifted and talented education programChildrens outreach projectLibrary or computer/Internet resources and usage.El Cajon libraryInternet on all phones, ipadsComputers at most schools including elementary schoolsFunding resources (tuition reimbursement, scholarships, etc.). Scholarships offered through the Chamber of Commerce for academics up to $3,000. Many colleges offer academic scholarships and sports scholarships (Full and partial rides) UCSD and Radys Childrens Hospital both have tuition reimbursement and student loan deliverment programs UCSD will repay two thirds of the tuition or student loansBoard of Governors Fee waverMilitary discountsSelf-Perception/Self-ConceptAge levels.Many families in El CajonMainly 20s and 30s in San Diego County such as downtown San Diego Kids under age 5= 6.5% of populationPeople under age 18= 22.6 % of populationPeople 65 and over= 12.3 percent of populationPrograms and activities related to community building (strengthening th e community). San Diego City College peer mentoring program activated (mothers against drunk driving)Big Brothers/Big Sisters program (Mentoring adolescents)Peer Leaders (high school program- students give other students advocate when they feel like they cannot talk to an adult) Community history.The area now known as San Diego County has been inhabited for over 10,000 years by the Kumeyaay Indians San Diego became part of the United States by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo on 1848 ending the U.S. Mexican state of war One of the original counties of CaliforniaSan Diego used to be a very large county including all of Los Angeles and elongated to the Colorado river Pride indicators Self-esteem or caring behaviors.San Diego is one of the most sought out cities to scream and/or live Very expensive because they demand is thereA lot of plastic military operation in San DiegoSpray tans, fake nails, fake hair, people are in shape (wears bikinis) San Diego residents put forward a lot of charities and cancer/disease foundations Donating money to a good cause is common among this community publish description (pamphlets, Web sites, etc.).San Diego MagazineSandiego. org for local media (Website)Union Tribune San Diego (News Paper)Role/RelationshipInteraction of community members (e.g., friendliness, openness, bullying, prejudices, etc.). East San Diego is more friendly than West or North San Diego (More money in those areas) Very accepting of Gays and Lesbians in SanDiego ( Hill Crest is a city known for an abundance population) Gay Pride Parade is a huge event in SDVery large interracial community, not a lot of prejudicesPrograms to prevent in-school bullyingVulnerable populationsWhy are they vulnerable?Homeless population downtown San DiegoLack of medical insuranceHow does this impact health?Increase spread of diseaseIncreased severity of diseaseNo access to medication or medical treatmentsPower groups (church council, student council, administration, PTA, and ga ngs) Mexican MafiaLogan Heights annulusHells AnglesPTAs in elementary schoolsJehovahs witnessMormonsHow do they hold power?Influential control a lot of people under them or following themPTA helps make decisions for schoolsPositive or ostracize influence on community?Gangs usually a negative influenceHells Angels used to have more of a negative influence but now are more positive towards the community and support local charities like pediatric cancer ones Harassment policies/discrimination policies.Under the California section of Public Health all employees have a right to work in an environment free from all forms of discrimination, including sexual harassment, intimidation, retaliation or coercion. The CDPH is committed to providing a work environment free from sexual harassment. knowledgeable harassment is a form of sex discrimination that is illegal under bothstate and federal official law The Fair Employment and Housing Act defines sexual harassment as harassment base on s ex or of a sexual nature gender harassment and harassment based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. The definition includes harassment based on sexual orientation, and likewise protects an individuals actual or perceived gender identity, whether or not different from the individuals actual gender at birth The CDPH endorses a zero tolerance policy aimed at preventing all such inappropriate behavior. As a result, CDPH may take corrective actions, up to and including established discipline, when policy violations occur, even if they are not so serious as to be unlawful ( sexual Harassment Prevention, 2008) Relationship with broader communityPoliceSan Diego has had allegations of inappropriate behavior of police officers such as groping and sexual favors CHP, Sheriffs department, Police in each city such an San Diego Police Department Fire/EMS (response time)Generally called from the City in which the Emergency isResponse time is good- generally under 10 minutesFi re departments all work together from all surrounding cities when needed Large fire in Escondido/ San Marcos just happened in San Diego County, fire departments from all around came to help Cedar fire in El Cajon more than 10 years back, fire departments from out of state came and helped Other (food drives, blood drives, missions, etc.)San Diego declination Bank- always has blood drives in parking lots of big stores like walmarts and businesses Local food drives at schools and healthcare clinics/facilitiesSexuality/ReproductiveRelationships and behavior among community members.Have had many allegations of teacher/student relationshipsMany older male/young female relationships and visa-versaMany relationships with more than 10 year gapsYoung marriages/pregnancies commonMarried Population 45.15%Single Population 54.85%Now Married 43.16%Married but Separated 1.99% neer Married 40.39%Widowed 4.58%Divorced 9.88%Married, w/children 35.54%Married, no children 37.34%Single, w/children 16.2 7%Single, no children 10.86% (People in San, 2014)Educational offerings/programs (e.g., growth and development, STD/AIDS education, contraception, abstinence, etc.). Planned Parenthood- teachings and prevention methods of STDs and Pregnancy, prenatal care Access to birth control.