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Ethers
Ethers manage alcohols ar organic derivatives of water, except lack the labile -OH group. As a result, quintessences, except for epoxides, are usually not very reactive and are oft use as solvents for organic reactions. The word ether is apply for both the functional group and diethyl ether, the most familiar subdivision of this family. Ether usually brings to mind the anesthetic, but the flammability and sideeffects have light-emitting diode to the use of other compounds for surgery. Methyl t-butyl ether is used as an octane booster in gasoline. Dioxin and tetrahydrofuran are cyclic ethers commonly used as solvents in the laboratory. The environmental pollutant dioxin is an ether.
Chemical Properties of Ethers
Ethers make well solvents in the laboratory because they are relatively resistant to oxidizing agents and acids and bases. The solitary pairs of electrons, make them good Lewis bases which complex with metal ions and helps solubilize important reagents like Grignard reagents and lithium aluminum hydride. An important class of ethers are the detonator ethers which complex with sodium and potassium ions and can permit wintry inorganic salts such as potassium permanganate to dissolve in nonpolar organic solvents like benzene producing purple benzene.
One disadvantage of ethers is their flammability and ability to form explosive peroxides in the presence of oxygen. This process can be prevented by adding stabilizers to ethers or by excluding oxygen. Chemists should keep bottles of ether tightly sealed, date severally container when it is opened, and dispose within a few weeks of opening. Special economic aid must be taken when distilling or evaporating ethers to make sure they are peroxide free.
Synthesis of Ethers
file://D:MYWEBP~1EthersETHERS11.HTM
6/14/02
Ethers
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Williamson Ether Synthesis
The Williamson ether synthesis is the most general way of preparing ethers. This reaction involves twain steps: formation of an alkoxide anion SN2...If you want to get a practiced essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com
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